By throwing the moral authority of the prize behind an advocate of the use of force, the Nobel Committee’s decision makes a peaceful, negotiated solution to Venezuela’s conflict less likely. Last week, the Norwegian Nobel Committee awarded the 2025 Peace Prize to María Corina Machado—a leading figure in the country’s opposition to the authoritarian ruleContinue reading “A Peace Prize That Brings Venezuela Closer to War”
Tag Archives: Venezuela
Un premio de la paz que acerca a Venezuela a la guerra
Al respaldar con el premio a quien ha abogado consistentemente por el uso de la fuerza, la decisión del Comité Nobel hace menos probable una solución pacífica y negociada al conflicto venezolano. La semana pasada, el Comité Noruego del Nobel otorgó el Premio Nobel de la Paz 2025 a María Corina Machado, una destacada dirigenteContinue reading “Un premio de la paz que acerca a Venezuela a la guerra”
Sanctions and Venezuelan Migration
This paper examines the potential impact of different US economic sanctions policies on Venezuelan migration flows. I consider three possible departures from the current status quo in which selected oil companies are permitted to conduct transactions with Venezuela’s state-owned oil sector: a return to maximum pressure, characterized by intensive use of secondary sanctions, a moreContinue reading “Sanctions and Venezuelan Migration”
Scorched Earth Politics and Venezuela’s Collapse
Between 2012 and 2020, Venezuela’s per capita income declined by 71%, the largest peacetime economic contraction documented in the Common Era. I estimate that the severing of the country’s links to global trade and financial markets explains 56% of this contraction. I propose an explanation of Venezuela’s economic collapse as a consequence of the incentivesContinue reading “Scorched Earth Politics and Venezuela’s Collapse”
Sanctions and Human Development
How much have sanctions, and other politically induced restrictions on economic activity, affected the Venezuelan economy? How much of the country’s decline can be attributed to these causes, as opposed to the more standard causes of poor policies and external shocks? In this paper I offer a quantification of the effect of alternative causes. The bottom line is that around half of the country’s economic contraction between 2012 and 2020 can be explained as a result of sanctions and other politically induced restrictions such as the withdrawal of government recognition.
Un Pacto por el Futuro de Venezuela
Venezuela necesita un nuevo espacio de discusión que nos permita centrar el debate público en lo verdaderamente relevante: articular una visión que nos ayude a reencontrarnos como nación. A lo largo de la última década, Venezuela atravesó el mayor colapso económico documentado en un país en tiempos de paz. Entre 2012 y 2020, elContinue reading “Un Pacto por el Futuro de Venezuela”
Quantifying Venezuela’s Destructive Conflict
How much have sanctions, and other politically induced restrictions on economic activity, affected the Venezuelan economy? How much of the country’s decline can be attributed to these causes, as opposed to the more standard causes of poor policies and external shocks? In this paper I offer a quantification of the effect of alternative causes. The bottom line is that around half of the country’s economic contraction between 2012 and 2020 can be explained as a result of sanctions and other politically induced restrictions such as the withdrawal of government recognition.
Revisiting the opposition’s debt restructuring guidelines
On July 3, 2019, the opposition-appointed Office of the Special Attorney General of Venezuela published a document outlining the principles for the country’s eventual debt restructuring. On March 23, 2023, Delaware District Court Judge Leonard Stark cited this document as proof of the lack of appropriate separation between the management of the country’s oil industryContinue reading “Revisiting the opposition’s debt restructuring guidelines”
Sanctions and Imports of Essential Goods: A Closer Look at the Equipo Anova (2021) Results
We revisit the results of Equipo Anova (2021), who claim to find evidence of an improvement in Venezuelan imports of food and medicines associated with the adoption of U.S. financial sanctions towards Venezuela in 2017. We show that their results are consequence of data coding errors and questionable methodological choices, including the use an unreasonableContinue reading “Sanctions and Imports of Essential Goods: A Closer Look at the Equipo Anova (2021) Results”
Who Benefits from OFAC’s Chevron License?
In recent days, the US government authorized Chevron Corporation to resell Venezuelan oil in US markets but barred it from making tax and royalty payments to the Venezuelan state. We argue that the restriction on these payments is symbolic because fiscal liabilities are incurred not by Chevron but by the joint ventures in which Chevron is a minority partner and whose decisions it is unable to control. Furthermore, we show that as long as regaining access to US markets enables Chevron joint ventures to increase production levels, the Maduro government will receive additional hard currency revenue flows which it can use at will. This result holds regardless of whether incremental revenues are used to reduce PDVSA’s debt arrears with Chevron.
Francisco R. Rodríguez 